DBMS > 4D vs. etcd vs. Realm vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. etcd vs. Realm vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed reliable key-value store

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

realm.io

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

realm.io/docs

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.4, August 2019

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

yes, watching key changes

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

none

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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