DBMS > 4D vs. RDF4J vs. RisingWave vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. RDF4J vs. RisingWave vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

A distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQL

A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.64
Rank	#238	Overall
	#110	Relational DBMS

Score	4.46
Rank	#71	Overall
	#5	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

rdf4j.org

www.risingwave.com/database

www.timescale.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.risingwave.com/docs/current/intro

docs.timescale.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

RisingWave Labs

Timescale

Initial release

1984

2004

2022

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.2, September 2023

2.15.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Docker
Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Standard SQL-types and JSON

numerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

full PostgreSQL SQL syntax

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

UDFs in Python or Java

user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users and Roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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