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DBMS > 4D vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB vs. SingleStore vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB vs. SingleStore vs. Teradata Aster

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typePlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score5.38
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comquestdb.ioravendb.netwww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comquestdb.io/­docsravendb.net/­docsdocs.singlestore.com
Developer4D, IncQuestDB Technology IncHibernating RhinosSingleStore Inc.Teradata
Initial release19842014201020132005
Current releasev20, April 20235.4, July 20228.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC#C++, Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredLinux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)yes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesyesR packages
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)ShardingSharding infohash partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID for single-table writesACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionQuestDBRavenDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTeradata Aster
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionQuestDBRavenDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTeradata Aster
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