DBMS > 4D vs. PouchDB vs. RRDtool vs. SQLite vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. PouchDB vs. RRDtool vs. SQLite vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.34
Rank	#112	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	1.90
Rank	#132	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	1.47
Rank	#157	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

pouchdb.com

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

www.sqlite.org

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

pouchdb.com/guides

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Tobias Oetiker

Dwayne Richard Hipp

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

1984

2012

1999

2000

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.1.1, June 2019

1.8.0, 2022

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Java, C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

HP-UX
Linux

server-less

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

in-process shared library
Pipes

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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