DBMS > 4D vs. NebulaGraph vs. TDengine vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. NebulaGraph vs. TDengine vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS and big data platform

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.60
Rank	#107	Overall
	#8	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

github.com/taosdata/TDengine
tdengine.com

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

Vesoft Inc.

TDEngine, previously Taos Data

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

1984

2019

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.0, August 2022

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

AGPL V3, also commercial editions available

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java, C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

Standard SQL with extensions for time-series applications

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Java

Triggers

yes

yes, via alarm monitoring

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role-based access control

yes

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

TDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more

News

What Is Predictive Maintenance?
17 May 2024

Can Typical Time-Series Databases Replace Data Historians?
8 May 2024

TDengine 3.3.0.0 Release Notes
7 May 2024

How to Unlock Value from Industrial Data with AI and ML Technology
6 May 2024

Compare InfluxDB vs. TDengine
19 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

Vesoft (NebulaGraph) Recognized in the Gartner® Market Guide for Graph Database Management Systems
15 November 2023, PR Newswire

NebulaGraph reaps from China's growing appetite for graph databases
16 September 2022, TechCrunch

NebulaGraph Completes Series A to Scale Its Distributed Graph Database
16 September 2022, Datanami

Breaking Down Data Silos: How Apache Doris Streamlines Customer Data Integration
20 March 2024, hackernoon.com

NebulaGraph Enterprise v5.0: The First Distributed Graph Database to Offer Native GQL Support
18 April 2024, IT News Online

provided by Google News

TDengine named Top Global Industrial Data Management Solution
4 January 2024, IT Brief Australia

TDengine debuts cloud-based time-series data processing platform for IoT deployments
20 September 2022, SiliconANGLE News

New TDengine Benchmark Results Show Up to 37.0x Higher Query Performance Than InfluxDB and TimescaleDB
28 February 2023, Yahoo Finance

Comparing Different Time-Series Databases
10 February 2022, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News

Unveiling Volt Active Data's game-changing approach to limitless app performance
16 October 2023, YourStory

VoltDB Launches Active(N) Lossless Cross Data Center Replication
31 August 2021, PR Newswire

VoltDB Turns to Real-Time Analytics with NewSQL Database
30 January 2014, Datanami

VoltDB Upgrades Power, Security of Its In-Memory Database
1 February 2017, eWeek

VoltDB Adds Geospatial Support, Cross-Site Replication
28 January 2016, The New Stack

provided by Google News

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