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DBMS > 4D vs. NebulaGraph vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. NebulaGraph vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB vs. Teradata Aster

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabasePlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
questdb.ioravendb.net
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.nebula-graph.ioquestdb.io/­docsravendb.net/­docs
Developer4D, IncVesoft Inc.QuestDB Technology IncHibernating RhinosTeradata
Initial release19842019201420102005
Current releasev20, April 20235.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesStrong typed schemayes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.noyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageSQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnoyesR packages
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replicationyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infothrough memory mapped filesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlAuthorization levels configured per client per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionNebulaGraphQuestDBRavenDBTeradata Aster
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionNebulaGraphQuestDBRavenDBTeradata Aster
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