DBMS > 4D vs. MonetDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. SQream DB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. MonetDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. SQream DB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

a GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloads

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#141	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#224	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS

Score	1.36
Rank	#161	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.monetdb.org

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

sqream.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.sqream.com

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

MonetDB BV

Vesoft Inc.

SQream Technologies

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2004

2019

2017

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

2022.1.6, December 2022

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, ANSI Standard SQL Types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

.Net
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes, in SQL, C, R

user defined functions

user defined functions in Python

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding via remote tables

Sharding

horizontal and vertical partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

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