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DBMS > 4D vs. Milvus vs. Realm vs. Tarantool vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Milvus vs. Realm vs. Tarantool vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.commilvus.iorealm.iowww.tarantool.iowww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.commilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdrealm.io/­docswww.tarantool.io/­en/­docdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019VK
Initial release19842019201420082017
Current releasev20, April 20232.3.4, January 20242.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprisecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++, GoC and C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Linux
Data schemeyesyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoFull-featured ANSI SQL supportSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIOpen binary protocolGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryLua, C and SQL stored proceduresyes
Triggersyesnoyes infoChange Listenersyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoIn-Memory realmyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistenceno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole based access control and fine grained access rightsyesAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
Role-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMilvusRealmTarantoolTigerGraph
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMilvusRealmTarantoolTigerGraph
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