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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDFox vs. Spark SQL vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDFox vs. Spark SQL vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oxfordsemantic.techspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oxfordsemantic.techspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftOxford Semantic TechnologiesApache Software Foundation
Initial release19841989201720142017
Current releasev20, April 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20226.0, Septermber 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++ScalaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
Java
Java
Python
R
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanoyes
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionreplication via a shared file systemnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access typesnoRole-based access control

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3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft SQL ServerRDFoxSpark SQLTigerGraph
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