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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB vs. Teradata Aster

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabasePlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverquestdb.ioravendb.net
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverquestdb.io/­docsravendb.net/­docs
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncHibernating RhinosTeradata
Initial release19841989201420102005
Current releasev20, April 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20225.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavanoyesR packages
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replicationyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infothrough memory mapped filesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft SQL ServerQuestDBRavenDBTeradata Aster
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
News

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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft SQL ServerQuestDBRavenDBTeradata Aster
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