DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Vertica vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Vertica vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.

A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Column oriented

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.14
Rank	#178	Overall
	#80	Relational DBMS

Score	10.06
Rank	#42	Overall
	#26	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#287	Overall
	#43	Document stores
	#132	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

www.vertica.com

github.com/ydb-platform/ydb
ydb.tech

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

vertica.com/documentation

ydb.tech/en/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Microsoft

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

OpenText

previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard

Yandex

Initial release

1984

1989

1984

2005

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.4.1.1, 2021

12.0.3, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0; commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

HP Open VMS

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.

SQL-like query language (YQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL

character-based, interactive, front-end utility

RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences

Triggers

yes

yes, called Custom Alerts

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.

Active-passive shard replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Bi-directional Spark integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

Access rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantages

Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenarios

Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customers

Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing models

Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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