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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.95
Rank#100  Overall
#17  Document stores
#17  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlspark.apache.org/­sqltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftOracleApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842016201120142014
Current releasev20, April 202323.3, December 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaScalaC++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesoptionalyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
PHP
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLnonoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featurenoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integrationyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)noACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infooff heap cachenono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users and rolesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle NoSQLSpark SQLTrafodion
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