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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Solr vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Solr vs. TigerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSearch engineGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersolr.apache.orgwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersolr.apache.org/­resources.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release1984201920062017
Current releasev20, April 2023cloud service with continuous releases9.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSolr Parallel SQL InterfaceSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava pluginsyes
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkspark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnooptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationyesRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSolrTigerGraph
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