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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. STSdb vs. TigerGraph vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. STSdb vs. TigerGraph vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFully managed big data interactive analytics platformKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing methodA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value storeGraph DBMSMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#360  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#97  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4www.tigergraph.comwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.tigergraph.comdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftSTS Soft SCRocket Software
Initial release19842019201120171985
Current releasev20, April 2023cloud service with continuous releases4.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC#C++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedWindowsLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)yesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL-like query language (GSQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client APIGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
C++
Java
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyesyes
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonoyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoRole-based access controlAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSTSdbTigerGraphUniData,UniVerse
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