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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. Sequoiadb vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. Sequoiadb vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQLScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquestdb.iowww.sequoiadb.comvitess.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerquestdb.io/­docswww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=indexvitess.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncSequoiadb Ltd.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release19842019201420132013
Current releasev20, April 2023cloud service with continuous releases15.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
LinuxDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regexyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
proprietary protocol using JSONADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoJavaScriptyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with eventual consistencySource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID for single-table writesDocument is locked during a transactionACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infothrough memory mapped filesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAzure Active Directory Authenticationsimple password-based access controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDBSequoiadbVitess
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDBSequoiadbVitess
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