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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. Sequoiadb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.48
Rank#115  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.48
Rank#260  Overall
#41  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquestdb.iowww.sequoiadb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerquestdb.io/­docswww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=index
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncSequoiadb Ltd.
Initial release1984201920142013
Current releasev20, April 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regex
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
proprietary protocol using JSON
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoJavaScript
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with eventual consistencySource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID for single-table writesDocument is locked during a transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infothrough memory mapped filesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAzure Active Directory Authenticationsimple password-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDBSequoiadb
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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