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DBMS > 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.mcobject.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncMcObjectMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release1984200120192010
Current releasev20, April 20238.2, 2021cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infosupport of XML interfaces availableyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascript
Triggersyesyes infoby defining eventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning / shardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensioneXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDB
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensioneXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDB
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