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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenEdge vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenEdge vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenEdge  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFully managed big data interactive analytics platformApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score3.45
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.progress.com/­openedgeorientdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocumentation.progress.com/­output/­ua/­OpenEdge_latestwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftProgress Software CorporationOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release1984201919842010
Current releasev20, April 2023cloud service with continuous releasesOpenEdge 12.2, March 20203.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language).Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RyesJava, Javascript
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning infosince Version 11.4Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenEdgeOrientDB
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