DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Rockset vs. TimesTen vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Rockset vs. TimesTen vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS
Search engine

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.79
Rank	#211	Overall
	#35	Document stores

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

rockset.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.rockset.com

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Microsoft

Rockset

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

2014

2019

1998

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

dynamic typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

ingestion from XML files supported

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

Read-only SQL queries, including JOINs

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

HTTP REST

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

PL/SQL

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Automatic sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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