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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PlanetScale vs. RethinkDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PlanetScale vs. RethinkDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of VitessDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1.59
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbplanetscale.comrethinkdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbplanetscale.com/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftPlanetScaleThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842014202020091998
Current releasev20, April 20232.4.1, August 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedDocker
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptyes infoproprietary syntaxPL/SQL
TriggersyesJavaScriptyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding inforange basednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*noyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID at shard levelAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesyes infousers and table-level permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPlanetScaleRethinkDBTimesTen
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