DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenEdge vs. TigerGraph vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenEdge vs. TigerGraph vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.45
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Score	0.70
Rank	#230	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#106	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.progress.com/openedge

www.tigergraph.com

typedb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

documentation.progress.com/output/ua/OpenEdge_latest

docs.tigergraph.com

typedb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Microsoft

Progress Software Corporation

Vaticle

Initial release

1984

2014

1984

2017

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

OpenEdge 12.2, March 2020

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
ODBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language)

C++
Java

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning

since Version 11.4

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users and groups

Role-based access control

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantages

TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenarios

Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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