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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Wide column storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tablesquestdb.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbquestdb.io/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842014201220141998
Current releasev20, April 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoSQL with time-series extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptnonoPL/SQL
TriggersyesJavaScriptnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionoptimistic lockingACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Table StorageQuestDBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Table StorageQuestDBTimesTen
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