DBMS > 4D vs. MaxDB vs. PouchDB vs. SQLite vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. MaxDB vs. PouchDB vs. SQLite vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.32
Rank	#112	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	2.28
Rank	#115	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.82
Rank	#209	Overall
	#97	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

pouchdb.com/guides

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

vitess.io/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Apache Software Foundation

Dwayne Richard Hipp

The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale

Initial release

1984

2012

2000

2013

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.9.10.12, February 2024

7.1.1, June 2019

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

15.0.2, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

server-less

Docker
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

JavaScript

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID at shard level

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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