DBMS > 4D vs. Lovefield vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Splice Machine vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Lovefield vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Splice Machine vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Widely used in-process key-value store

Open-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark

OpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.54
Rank	#252	Overall
	#115	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

google.github.io/lovefield

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

splicemachine.com

yaacomo.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

splicemachine.com/how-it-works

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Splice Machine

Q2WEB GmbH

Initial release

1984

2014

1994

2014

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

18.1.40, May 2020

3.1, March 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

AGPL 3.0, commercial license available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Android
Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Shared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Yes, via Full Spark Integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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