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DBMS > 4D vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PlanetScale

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PlanetScale

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of Vitess
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Wide column storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.27
Rank#112  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#302  Overall
#137  Relational DBMS
Score24.50
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score3.25
Rank#84  Overall
#7  Wide column stores
Score0.99
Rank#185  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tablesplanetscale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbplanetscale.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoftPlanetScale
Initial release19842014201420122020
Current releasev20, April 20232.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptGo
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedhostedDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query languagenoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaScript.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJavaScriptnoyes infoproprietary syntax
TriggersyesUsing read-only observersJavaScriptnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionoptimistic lockingACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDBnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Table StoragePlanetScale
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