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DBMS > 4D vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Oracle Rdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Wide column storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.27
Rank#112  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#302  Overall
#137  Relational DBMS
Score24.50
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score3.25
Rank#84  Overall
#7  Wide column stores
Score1.03
Rank#182  Overall
#82  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
Developer4D, IncGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release19842014201420121984
Current releasev20, April 20232.1.12, February 20177.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedhostedHP Open VMS
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query languagenoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaScript.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJavaScriptno
TriggersyesUsing read-only observersJavaScriptno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionoptimistic lockingyes, on a single node
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDBnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Table StorageOracle Rdb
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