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DBMS > 4D vs. Lovefield vs. MarkLogic vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Lovefield vs. MarkLogic vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Document store
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#306  Overall
#138  Relational DBMS
Score4.15
Rank#70  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#8  Search engines
Score2.68
Rank#102  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.progress.com/­marklogicravendb.net
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationravendb.net/­docs
Developer4D, IncGoogleMarkLogic Corp.Hibernating Rhinos
Initial release1984201420012010
Current releasev20, April 20232.1.12, February 201711.0, December 20225.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptC++C#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infoSQL92SQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptyes
TriggersyesUsing read-only observersyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyesMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDByes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLovefieldMarkLogicRavenDB
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