DBMS > 4D vs. etcd vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. etcd vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle NoSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2014

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.4, August 2019

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

JavaScript API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

JavaScript

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

none

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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