DBMS > 4D vs. etcd vs. LevelDB vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. etcd vs. LevelDB vs. Sequoiadb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed reliable key-value store

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.45
Rank	#261	Overall
	#41	Document stores
	#122	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

github.com/google/leveldb

www.sequoiadb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

www.sequoiadb.com/en/index.php?m=Files&a=index

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Sequoiadb Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2011

2013

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.4, August 2019

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Server: AGPL; Client: Apache V2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

oid, date, timestamp, binary, regex

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

proprietary protocol using JSON

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

yes, watching key changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Document is locked during a transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

simple password-based access control

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
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