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DBMS > 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Quasardb vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Quasardb vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesWidely used in-process key-value storeDistributed, high-performance timeseries databaseIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#332  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlquasar.aiwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldoc.quasar.ai/­masterdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncGoogleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OraclequasardbOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842011199420091998
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 202118.1.40, May 20203.14.1, January 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensescommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyes infointeger and binaryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infowith tagsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononoPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyes infoonly for the SQL APInono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding infoconsistent hashingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication with selectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoby using LevelDByes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTransient modeyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnonoCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLevelDBOracle Berkeley DBQuasardbTimesTen
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