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DBMS > 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeSearch engineDocument store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score5.75
Rank#58  Overall
#7  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­search
Developer4D, IncGoogleMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release1984201120152016
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 2021V1
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoyes infousing Azure authenticationAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLevelDBMicrosoft Azure AI SearchToroDB
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