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DBMS > 4D vs. LevelDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LevelDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score2.95
Rank#100  Overall
#17  Document stores
#17  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.marklogic.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlrdf4j.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.marklogic.comdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
Developer4D, IncGoogleMarkLogic Corp.OracleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release19842011200120112004
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 202111.0, December 202223.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.yes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesoptionalyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoSQL92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptnoyes
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyesElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featurenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobswith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)ACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesyes infooff heap cache
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAccess rights for users and rolesno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLevelDBMarkLogicOracle NoSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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