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DBMS > 4D vs. gStore vs. LMDB vs. TimesTen vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. gStore vs. LMDB vs. TimesTen vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisongStore  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native Graph DBMS to store and maintain very large RDF datasets.A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#359  Overall
#37  Graph DBMS
#18  RDF stores
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comen.gstore.cnwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmltypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comen.gstore.cn/­#/­enDocswww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1typedb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncSymasOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Vaticle
Initial release19842016201119982016
Current releasev20, April 20231.2, November 20230.9.32, January 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)2.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoPL/SQLno
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers, roles and permissions, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) supportednofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensiongStoreLMDBTimesTenTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensiongStoreLMDBTimesTenTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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