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DBMS > 4D vs. LMDB vs. Prometheus vs. TigerGraph vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LMDB vs. Prometheus vs. TigerGraph vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbprometheus.iowww.tigergraph.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.lmdb.tech/­docprometheus.io/­docsdocs.tigergraph.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncSymasOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842011201520171998
Current releasev20, April 20230.9.32, January 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like query language (GSQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes infoby FederationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnonoRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionLMDBPrometheusTigerGraphTimesTen
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