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DBMS > 4D vs. Kinetica vs. LeanXcale vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Kinetica vs. LeanXcale vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesIn-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score18.08
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.kinetica.comwww.leanxcale.comwww.memcached.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.kinetica.comgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncKineticaLeanXcaleDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalMicrosoft
Initial release19842012201520032019
Current releasev20, April 20237.1, August 20211.6.27, May 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infothrough Apache DerbynoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Proprietary protocolMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangenoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationnone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallityyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesnoyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles on table levelyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionKineticaLeanXcaleMemcachedMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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