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DBMS > 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. KeyDB vs. Linter vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. KeyDB vs. Linter vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsRDBMS for high security requirementsTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#223  Overall
#103  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score0.09
Rank#346  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.mcobject.comgithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
linter.rutypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmdocs.keydb.devtypedb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncMcObjectEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.relex.ruVaticle
Initial release19842001201919902016
Current releasev20, April 20238.2, 20212.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD-3commercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infosupport of XML interfaces availablenonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesLuayes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLno
Triggersyesyes infoby defining eventsnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning / shardingShardingnoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationActive Replication Fabricâ„¢ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupssimple password-based access control and ACLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensioneXtremeDBKeyDBLinterTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more
Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensioneXtremeDBKeyDBLinterTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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