DBMS > 4D vs. Kdb vs. NuoDB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Kdb vs. NuoDB vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

High performance Time Series DBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	7.55
Rank	#53	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

kx.com

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

code.kx.com

doc.nuodb.com

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

1984

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

2013

2000

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.6, May 2018

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free 32-bit version

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (q)

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

with views

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

similar paradigm used for internal processing

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

rights management via user accounts

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing models

upon request
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