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DBMS > 4D vs. etcd vs. Ingres vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. etcd vs. Ingres vs. TigerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed reliable key-value storeWell established RDBMSA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.64
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score4.67
Rank#77  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.cometcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncActian Corporation
Initial release19841974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2017
Current releasev20, April 20233.4, August 201911.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesyes
Triggersyesyes, watching key changesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Ingres Replicator
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionetcdIngresTigerGraph
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