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DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. mSQL vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. mSQL vs. PostGIS vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWell established RDBMSmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSSpatial extension of PostgreSQLA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score22.69
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreshughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlpostgis.netwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.actian.com/­ingrespostgis.net/­documentationdocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncActian CorporationHughes TechnologiesTimescale
Initial release19841974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s199420052017
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 20224.4, October 20213.4.2, February 20242.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCCCC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnouser defined functionsuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynoneyes infobased on PostgreSQLyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationIngres Replicatornoneyes infobased on PostgreSQLSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes infobased on PostgreSQLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIngresmSQL infoMini SQLPostGISTimescaleDB
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