DB-EnginesextremeDB - solve IoT connectivity disruptionsEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by Redgate Software

DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostGIS

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostGIS

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpatial extension of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score20.16
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticspostgis.net
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticspostgis.net/­documentation
Developer4D, IncActian CorporationMicrosoft
Initial release19841974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20162005
Current releasev20, April 202312.0, July 20243.4.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesTransact SQLuser defined functions
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningyes infobased on PostgreSQL
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationIngres Replicatoryesyes infobased on PostgreSQL
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesyes infobased on PostgreSQL

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostGIS
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Actian Launches Ingres 12.0 Database
4 June 2024, PR Newswire

New startup from Postgres creator puts the database at heart of software stack
12 March 2024, TechCrunch

Postgres pioneer Michael Stonebraker promises to upend the database once more
26 December 2023, The Register

Actian Launches Ingres as a Fully-Managed Cloud Service
24 September 2021, Integration Developers

Actian Avalanche Real-Time Connected Data Warehouse adds integration
28 April 2020, TechTarget

provided by Google News

General Available: Azure Synapse Runtime for Apache Spark 3.4 is now GA
8 April 2024, Microsoft

Azure Synapse Runtime for Apache Spark 3.2 End of Support
22 March 2024, Microsoft

Azure Synapse vs. Databricks: Data Platform Comparison 2024
26 March 2024, eWeek

Announcing General Availability of Graph Semantics in Kusto
27 May 2024, Microsoft

Announcing the retirement of SQL Server Stretch Database
3 July 2024, Microsoft

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

SingleStore logo

The data platform to build your intelligent applications.
Try it free.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Present your product here