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DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. MarkLogic vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. MarkLogic vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWell established RDBMSOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.progress.com/­marklogicorientdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.actian.com/­ingreswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncActian CorporationMarkLogic Corp.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release19841974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20012010
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 202211.0, December 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infoSQL92SQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptJava, Javascript
TriggersyesyesyesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationIngres ReplicatoryesMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIngresMarkLogicOrientDB
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