DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. JSqlDb vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. JSqlDb vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

JSqlDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

JavaScript Query Language Database, stores JavaScript objects and primitives

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	4.48
Rank	#75	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

impala.apache.org

jsqldb.org (offline)

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Konrad von Backstrom

Microsoft

Initial release

1984

2013

2018

2012

1989

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

0.8, December 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

JavaScript

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

functions in JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

none

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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