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DBMS > 4D vs. Immudb vs. SpatiaLite vs. SQream DB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Immudb vs. SpatiaLite vs. SQream DB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Spatial extension of SQLitea GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloadsIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score1.60
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#227  Overall
#104  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexsqream.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.immudb.iowww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmldocs.sqream.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncCodenotaryAlessandro FurieriSQream TechnologiesOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842020200820171998
Current releasev20, April 20231.2.3, April 20225.0.0, August 20202022.1.6, December 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-lessLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like syntaxyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functions in PythonPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonehorizontal and vertical partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnonenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionImmudbSpatiaLiteSQream DBTimesTen
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