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DBMS > 4D vs. Immudb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TimesTen vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Immudb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TimesTen vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVictoriaMetrics  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Widely used in-process key-value storeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleA fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score1.32
Rank#162  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlvictoriametrics.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.immudb.iodocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1docs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/­VictoriaMetrics/­VictoriaMetrics/­wiki
Developer4D, IncCodenotaryOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005VictoriaMetrics
Initial release19842020199419982018
Current releasev20, April 20231.2.3, April 202218.1.40, May 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)v1.91, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infocommercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like syntaxyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoPL/SQLno
Triggersyesnoyes infoonly for the SQL APInono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionImmudbOracle Berkeley DBTimesTenVictoriaMetrics
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