DB-EnginesInfluxDB: Focus on building software with an easy-to-use serverless, scalable time series platformEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > 4D vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. TimesTen vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. TimesTen vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
github.com/­google/­leveldbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.immudb.iogithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1trafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncCodenotaryGoogleOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842020201119982014
Current releasev20, April 20231.2.3, April 20221.23, February 202111 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)2.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like syntaxnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoPL/SQLJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionImmudbLevelDBTimesTenTrafodion
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

Codenotary Releases immudb v1.9DOM
19 October 2023, Business Wire

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Codenotary launches cloud version of tamper-proof database
27 June 2023, SC Media

A Step by Step Guide to immudb — the open source immutable database
18 May 2020, hackernoon.com

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

provided by Google News

LevelDB in Ruby — SitePoint
22 October 2014, SitePoint

Microsoft Teams stores auth tokens as cleartext in Windows, Linux, Macs
14 September 2022, BleepingComputer

Pliops unveils XDP-Rocks for RocksDB – Blocks and Files
19 October 2022, Blocks & Files

XanMod, Liquorix Kernels Offer Some Advantages On AMD Ryzen 5 Notebook
26 July 2021, Phoronix

Rust-Based Info Stealers Abuse GitHub Codespaces
19 May 2023, Trend Micro

provided by Google News

In-memory databases with Emulex Gen 7
25 October 2023, Broadcom Inc.

provided by Google News

Evaluating HTAP Databases for Machine Learning Applications
2 November 2016, KDnuggets

An Open Source Tour de Force at Apache: Big Data 2016
11 May 2016, Datanami

Low-latency, distributed database architectures are critical for emerging fog applications
7 April 2022, Embedded Computing Design

HP Throws Trafodion Hat into OLTP Hadoop Ring
14 July 2014, Datanami

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

SingleStore logo

Database for your real-time AI and Analytics Apps.
Try it today.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Present your product here