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DBMS > 4D vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. Quasardb vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. Quasardb vs. StarRocks

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, high-performance timeseries databaseAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache Doris
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#332  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.postgresql.orgquasar.aiwww.starrocks.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.postgresql.org/­docsdoc.quasar.ai/­masterdocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_intro
Developer4D, IncIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerquasardbThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023
Initial release198420101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20092020
Current releasev20, April 202316.3, May 20243.14.1, January 20242.5.3, March 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensesOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangCC++C++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infointeger and binaryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infowith tagsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP APIJDBC
MySQL protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nouser defined functions
Triggersyesyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infoconsistent hashinghorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnowith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoTransient modeno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailRole based access control and fine grained access rights

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIBM CloudantPostgreSQLQuasardbStarRocks
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