DBMS > 4D vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TinkerGraph vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TinkerGraph vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.13
Rank	#345	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Score	2.85
Rank	#98	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-unidata

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.rocketsoftware.com/bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata

Developer

4D, Inc

Hypertable Inc.

Microsoft

Rocket Software

Initial release

1984

2009

2014

2009

1985

Current release

v20, April 2023

0.9.8.11, March 2016

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GNU version 3. Commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

an inofficial Windows port is available

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only exact value or prefix value scans

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

C++ API
Thrift

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

TinkerPop 3

Java API

JPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Groovy
Java

.Net
Basic

U2 Basic
C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

U2 Basic

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor on file system level

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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