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DBMS > 4D vs. Hypertable vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hypertable vs. LevelDB vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
Developer4D, IncHypertable Inc.Google8Kdata
Initial release1984200920112016
Current releasev20, April 20230.9.8.11, March 20161.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
C++ API
Thrift
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor on file system levelnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnonoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHypertableLevelDBToroDB
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