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DBMS > 4D vs. etcd vs. HyperSQL vs. RavenDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. etcd vs. HyperSQL vs. RavenDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed reliable key-value storeMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
hsqldb.orgravendb.netwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.cometcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
hsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlravendb.net/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncHibernating RhinosOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release1984200120101998
Current releasev20, April 20233.4, August 20192.7.2, June 20235.4, July 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like query language (RQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava, SQLyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesyes, watching key changesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.noneMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionetcdHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBRavenDBTimesTen
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