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DBMS > 4D vs. HyperSQL vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HyperSQL vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeWide column storeGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhsqldb.orggithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.keydb.devdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.Microsoft
Initial release19842001201920122017
Current releasev20, April 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoBSD-3commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnonoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoRESTful HTTP APIGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava, SQLLuanoyes
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access control and ACLAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBKeyDBMicrosoft Azure Table StorageTigerGraph
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